The brake principle
Transmission of braking force
Pedal Force is the Force exerted by the brake caliper piston on the brake pad.After the driver's force on the brake pedal is amplified by the lever of the pedal mechanism, the power Boost takes advantage of the vacuum pressure difference and amplifies the force to push the brake master pump.The hydraulic pressure issued by the brake master pump USES the incompressible power transfer effect of the liquid through the brake tubing to each sub pump, and the use of "PASCAL's principle" to amplify the pressure, push the piston of the sub pump to apply force to the brake pad."Pascal's Law" means that the pressure of a liquid is the same anywhere in a closed container.
Pressure is obtained by dividing the applied force by the stressed area. Under the condition of equal pressure, we can change the proportion of the applied and stressed area to achieve the effect of power amplification (P1=F1/A1=F2/A2=P2).Used in the brake system, the ratio of total pump and sub pump pressure is the ratio of total pump piston area and sub pump piston area.
Equipped with: ABS.
ABS: Anti-lock Brake System.It is well known that the greatest braking effect occurs at the moment before the tyre is locked. If the braking force is kept in balance with the friction of the tyre, the greatest braking effect will be achieved.When the brake braking force than the friction of the tire will cause the tire lock, once the tire lock then the friction between the tire and the ground by the "static friction" into "dynamic friction", not only the friction greatly reduced more will lose the steering tracking ability.Because the tire lock is the brake braking force and the tire and the ground friction comparison result, that is to say, the limit of the tire lock between the car is the tire itself characteristics, road conditions, positioning Angle, tire pressure, suspension system characteristics and "at any time".ABS is equipped with the speed sensor on four wheels to determine whether the tire is locked or not, eliminate the uncertain factors of human senses, accurately control the timely release of the hydraulic pressure of the brake sub pump, to achieve the purpose of preventing the brake lock.At present, ABS mostly adopts the design of 12~60 times of continuous pedaling per second (12~60Hz), which is already a super high level performance compared with the top professional racing drivers' 3~6 times. The higher the frequency of pedaling, the more the brake braking force can be maintained near the edge of the limit.The accuracy and reliability ABS can achieve is beyond the limits of human beings, so we say ABS is the excellent quality and reasonable price when buying a car.This is especially true for the air-bag's relative danger.
ABS questions
Recently, there have been a lot of reports that cars equipped with ABS are more likely to have an accident than those without ABS, which has caused many people to question the efficacy of ABS.This is caused by the general owners' insufficient knowledge of the brake system and ABS. Many people mistakenly assume that ABS can improve the limit of brake braking force or tire and ground friction. In fact, ABS can maintain the maximum limit of brake braking force as far as possible, but it cannot improve the limit.Here to reiterate: the tire and the ground friction limit is determined by the characteristics of the tire itself, road conditions, positioning Angle, tire pressure, suspension system characteristics, but not ABS.ABS gives full and effective play to the braking system's capabilities, but does nothing to improve braking force or friction.In addition, when using ABS to dodge at high speed in an emergency, please remember to slow down in a straight line before turning the steering wheel. Do not release the brake pedal when turning the steering wheel, and do not panic because of the ABS feedback from the pedal.There are also a lot of people think ABS have to stomp on the brakes to be effective, which is another false cognition of ABS.Of course, antilock brakes work only when the wheels are locked. If you're driving down an icy road, the ABS may not stop as long as you tap the brakes.And if you switch to a set of large, hot-melt tires with superior grip on flat, dry roads, and if your braking system is not reinforced, you may be able to press as hard as you can on the brake pedal and the ABS won't move because your braking force isn't enough to lock the tires.If car manufacturers can make sufficient and effective information on the above two points when selling ABS to consumers, then ABS can truly become an "active safety" device. Otherwise, the probability of causing an accident may increase rather than decrease when consumers have the confidence to hit the brakes.
Brake pads
High-performance brake pads are the most direct, effective and simple way to improve brake braking force.Currently, most high-performance brake pads are made of carbon fiber and metal, with an emphasis on asbestos-free, environmentally friendly formula.Because of the brake pad Know - How is the material formula so consumers do not learn from product labeling in the actual material, so the choice of brake pad in addition to the manufacturer provides the coefficient of friction temperature curve and the suitable operating temperature (if any) as the basis for outside, only can use tips from a professional media test report or as a reference.There are car owners who misuse pure racing brake pads and pay a high price to get worse braking effect than the original brake pads. The reason is that its gentle driving way makes the brake pads fail to reach the most basic working temperature all the time, so the effect is of course poor.The most common problem with brake pads is the accompanying noise. If the disc is flat, there is no solution. Either accept it or change it.
The working principle of the brake is mainly from friction, which USES the friction between the brake pad, brake disc (drum) and tires and the ground to convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle moving into the heat energy after friction to stop the vehicle.A good and efficient braking system must provide stable, sufficient and controllable braking force and have good hydraulic transmission and cooling capacity to ensure that the driver's force from the brake pedal can be fully and effectively transmitted to the main pump and the sub-pump, and to avoid high heat caused by hydraulic failure and brake decline.There are two types of brakes, disc and drum, but despite the cost advantage, drum brakes are far less efficient than disc brakes.
friction